Trigger Point Dry Needling: How It Works and What to Expect

Muscle pain and tightness can limit movement, reduce flexibility, and impact your daily life. If you've been struggling with persistent knots or deep muscle discomfort, you may have heard of trigger point dry needling as a treatment option. But what exactly is dry needling, and how can it help relieve muscle pain?

In this blog, we’ll explain how dry needling works, its benefits, and what you can expect during a session at a physiotherapy clinic.

What Is Trigger Point Dry Needling?

Trigger point dry needling is a therapeutic technique used by trained physiotherapists to relieve muscle tension and pain. It involves inserting thin, sterile needles into trigger points—tight muscle knots that can cause pain and restrict movement.

Unlike acupuncture, which is rooted in traditional Chinese medicine, dry needling is based on modern musculoskeletal and neurological science. It focuses on releasing myofascial trigger points to restore normal muscle function.

How Does Dry Needling Work?

Trigger points are hyperirritable spots in tight muscle bands that can contribute to pain and dysfunction. When a needle is inserted into a trigger point, it stimulates the muscle, causing a local twitch response—a brief contraction that helps release tension.

Dry needling works through several mechanisms:

• Releasing muscle tightness: The twitch response helps “reset” the muscle, reducing knots and tension.

• Improving blood flow: The process encourages circulation to the affected area, speeding up healing.

• Reducing pain signals: Dry needling decreases the sensitivity of nerve endings, reducing discomfort.

• Enhancing movement: By reducing muscle tightness, it improves flexibility and range of motion.

What Conditions Can Dry Needling Help With?

Dry needling is commonly used to treat a range of musculoskeletal conditions, including:

• Chronic muscle pain and tension

• Neck and shoulder pain

• Lower back pain

• Headaches and migraines

• Sports injuries and muscle strains

• Tendonitis and repetitive strain injuries

• Postural-related discomfort

• Sciatica and nerve-related pain

It is often combined with other physiotherapy techniques such as manual therapy, exercise rehabilitation, and postural correction for optimal results.

What to Expect During a Dry Needling Session

1. Initial Assessment

Your physiotherapist will first conduct a thorough assessment, discussing your symptoms and identifying areas of tightness or trigger points.

2. The Dry Needling Procedure

A very fine, sterile needle is inserted into the identified trigger point.

You may feel a brief twitch response in the muscle.

Some patients describe a mild ache or a deep pressure sensation during the treatment.

The procedure typically lasts 5 to 15 minutes, depending on the number of areas being treated.

3. Post-Treatment Effects

After a session, you may experience:

• Mild muscle soreness (similar to post-exercise soreness) that usually resolves within 24-48 hours.

• Immediate or gradual relief from muscle tightness and pain.

• Improved mobility and flexibility in the treated area.

Your physiotherapist may recommend stretching, gentle movement, or heat therapy after your session to enhance recovery.

Is Dry Needling Safe?

Yes, when performed by a trained and licensed physiotherapist, dry needling is a safe and effective treatment. The needles used are single-use, sterile, and very fine, reducing the risk of discomfort or complications.

• Some minor side effects may include:

• Temporary muscle soreness

• Mild bruising at the needle site

• Fatigue or slight dizziness (rare)

Your physiotherapist will discuss any precautions and ensure the treatment is suitable for you.

Who Should Avoid Dry Needling?

While dry needling is safe for most people, it may not be recommended for individuals who:

• Have a fear of needles or needle phobia

• Are pregnant (certain areas should be avoided)

• Have a bleeding disorder or are on blood thinners

• Have an active infection or skin condition near the treatment area

• Always consult your physiotherapist to determine if dry needling is appropriate for your condition.

Combining Dry Needling with Physiotherapy

Dry needling works best when integrated into a comprehensive physiotherapy plan. Alongside needling, your physiotherapist may incorporate:

• Manual therapy (massage, joint mobilisation) to complement muscle relaxation.

• Stretching and mobility exercises to maintain flexibility.

• Strength training to prevent future pain and dysfunction.

• Postural and ergonomic advice to address underlying causes of muscle tightness.

By addressing the root cause of muscle dysfunction, physiotherapy ensures long-term benefits beyond temporary pain relief.

Final Thoughts

Trigger point dry needling is an effective, evidence-based treatment for relieving muscle tension, improving movement, and reducing pain. Whether you suffer from chronic muscle knots, sports injuries, or posture-related discomfort, dry needling can be a valuable part of your physiotherapy care.

If you're considering dry needling, consult with a qualified physiotherapist to see if it’s the right treatment for you. Book an appointment today and take the first step toward pain relief and better movement!